Disability in hearing/hearing disability: A person may have problem in hearing day to day conversational speech when hearing aid is not used. Disability in speech/speech disability: A person is unable to speak like normal persons. Low vision: A person who has light perception but cannot count fingers up to a distance of 3 meters even with spectacles is taken as a person with Low Vision. The visually disabled persons may be categorized into two broad groups:īlindness: A person who does not have light perception and a person who has light perception but cannot count fingers at a distance of 1 meter even with spectacles are taken as blind. Disability in seeing/ visual disability: A visually disabled person does not have any light perception (both eyes taken together) or has light perception but cannot count fingers of a hand (with spectacles/contact lenses if he/she uses spectacles/contact lenses) from a distance of 3 meters (or 10 feet) in good day light with both eyes open. General symptoms for a disabled person according to type of disability. These barriers can be overcome, if governments, nongovernmental organizations, professionals and people with disabilities and their families work together.Ī/iris/bitstream/10665/1995241509619_ People are disabled by society, not just by their bodies. This is due to many obstacles they face in their everyday life and due to lack of services available to them.ĭisability is now understood to be a human rights issue. People with disabilities have generally poorer health, lower education levels, fewer economic opportunities and higher rates of poverty than people without disability. Half of the people with disabilities cannot afford health care.

According to World Health organization (WHO) estimates:Ģ00 million people need glasses or other low vision devices and do not have access to them.ħ0 million people need a wheelchair, only 5-15% have access to one.ģ60million people globally have moderate to profound hearing loss and only 10% of global needs of hearing aids are met. Evidence suggests that people with disabilities face barriers in accessing the health and rehabilitation services they need in many settings. In the coming years, prevalence of disability will continue to increase due to increase in ageing populations and with the global increase in chronic health conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer and mental health disorders, injuries, car crashes, falls, violence.Īll people with disabilities have the same general health care needs as everyone else however they have greater unmet health care needs than people without disabilities. The proportion of different types of disability among people with disability reported as: (i) seeing 18.8%, (ii) hearing 18.9% (iii) speech 7.5% (iv) movement 20.3% (v) mental retardation 7.6% (vi) mental illness 2.7%, (vii) multiple disabilities 7.9% (viii) Any other 18.4%. The prevalence of disability was found to be more in rural areas (2.24%) as compared to urban areas (2.17%) and more among males (2.4%) than among females (2%). In India according to the Census 2011, 2.2% of population had some form of disability. Of this number 110 million to 190 million people of 15 years and older have significant difficulties in functioning and 93 million people less than 15 years of age live with a moderate or severe disability. Over 1 billion people, about 15% of the world's population have some form of disability.

Overcoming the difficulties faced by people with disabilities requires interventions to remove environmental and social barriers. Impairment is a problem in body function or structure an activity limitation is a difficulty encountered by an individual in executing a task or action participation restriction is a problem experienced by an individual in involvement in life situations.ĭisability is not just a health problem it is the interaction between individuals with a health condition and personal and environmental factors (such as negative attitudes, inaccessible transportation and public buildings, and limited social supports).

The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) defines disability as an umbrella term for impairments, activity limitations and participation restrictions. Disability is any continuing condition that restricts everyday activities.

Disability is a global public health problem as people with disability, throughout the life course, face widespread barriers in accessing health and related services, such as rehabilitation, and has worse health outcomes than people without disability.

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